Russia legalizes cryptocurrency under new rules taking effect on September 1, 2026

The State Duma has passed the main bill setting the rules for crypto mining and circulation in Russia, with the new regime due to take effect on 1 September 2026. The key point for PSPs and high-risk operators: crypto is recognized as property, but it still cannot be used as a domestic payment method.

1. Under the law, the Central Bank of Russia will act as the sector regulator and will maintain a register of legal crypto exchangers and custodians. Citizens and companies will be able to buy approved cryptocurrencies through legal crypto exchanges, managers, and brokers.
2. Unqualified investors will be limited to ₽300 thousand in crypto purchases through each intermediary. At the same time, cross-border crypto transactions for exporters and importers will be allowed without restrictions, which keeps crypto usable for trade flows while staying off the domestic payments track.
3. Crypto mining remains permitted in a number of regions. Transfers to non-custodial wallets above ₽100 thousand will require notification to the Federal Tax Service and a 48-hour cooling-off period. That is the sort of rule that matters in practice for exchange operators, wallet providers, and anyone touching settlement flows.
4. The introduction of formal regulation also brings tougher enforcement. Illegal crypto circulation, the use of unlicensed P2P platforms, gray exchangers, or concealment of mining income can carry up to 7 years in prison.
5. The text also notes that online casino legalization is still being discussed at the highest level in Russia. There has been no public push for the initiative yet, but the new crypto framework and tighter oversight could prepare the market for legal online casinos.