Banks and microfinance firms in Russia will start reporting debt collection activity to the FSSP from September 1

Banks and microfinance organizations (MFOs) in Russia will have to send the Federal Bailiff Service (FSSP) data on how they collect debts, with the first report due in April 2027. For lenders, this is not just paperwork: FSSP supervision now comes with a reporting layer, and repeated misses can push a firm into a higher-risk category.

1. According to Vedomosti, citing representatives of four banks and five MFOs, the new duty starts on September 1. The first submission will cover the second half of 2026 and must be filed in April 2027. FSSP will require reports twice a year.
2. The reporting periods are fixed: banks and MFOs will report for the first half of the year from August 20 to August 30, and for the second half from April 1 to April 10. The filings will not be cumulative. Each report will contain three sections with data on the financial institution and on debt collection activity.
3. The reports will include, among other things, the number of people against whom collection actions were taken, the number of clients in arrears as of a specific date, and the number of complaints about unlawful collection practices. That matters because this is the kind of data regulators use to compare one lender’s collection book against another’s.
4. If a bank or MFO violates the reporting procedure more than twice in a year, FSSP can classify it as a high-risk company. The regulator can also bring the firm to administrative liability and impose fines of up to 500,000 rubles.
5. The reporting requirement follows a broader shift in oversight. In January 2026, the State Duma passed a law obliging banks and MFOs to report their collection of overdue debt from individuals to FSSP. Before that, this reporting was required only from professional collection agencies, while banks and MFOs were supervised by the Central Bank.

There is also a wider compliance squeeze around retail debt collection and short-term lending. FSSP supervision of banks and MFOs in overdue-debt collection began in February 2024, and the Moscow FSSP office said it reviewed 4,338 consumer complaints in 2024, resulting in administrative fines totaling 70 million 25 thousand rubles, up from 48 million rubles in 2023.